Some Reflections on the Archaeology of the Argentine Northwest, 1984–1994

Abstract

In this article, we review the development of archaeological studies in Northwest Argentina and reflect on their relationship with the region’s social, political, economic, and ideological context. We focus particularly on the establishment and consolidation of Anthropology and Archaeology degree programs at the national universities of Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, and Tucumán, as well as on the growing number of lecturers and researchers devoted to the study of the regional past and the protection of archaeological heritage. We also identify several difficulties, including the shortage of specialists in certain fields, the need to retain qualified professionals, and the risk of uncritically transferring academic experiences developed in other contexts. In response to public university budget constraints and limited employment opportunities, we propose broadening professional training to include fields such as education, management, heritage preservation, the enhancement of archaeological and historical sites, and tourism. Finally, we argue that archaeology should be understood as a social discipline serving collective memory, grounded in scientific rigor, ethical commitment, and the capacity to intervene creatively in society.