Submissions

Author Guidelines

ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPERS

Presentation of the work

The first page will contain : a) The title of the contribution written as a sentence and in bold, b) title in English, as a sentence without bold, in italics and in parentheses, c) then the names and surnames of the authors, d) with asterisks, for each of the authors, the institution where the work was carried out, the postal address (street, postal code, town, province, country), the email address and the Digital Identifier (ORCID). The titles or degrees of the authors should not be stated, nor should the work belong to a specific research project, nor the subsidies received to carry it out. This data can be included in the Acknowledgments or Notes section.
First level titles in Arial 12 / Bold, without a full stop.
Second level titles Arial 11 / Bold, without full stop.
Third level titles Arial 11 / Italics, without a full stop.
Fourth level titles l Arial 10 / Small caps, without a full stop.

Summary in Spanish and English : All contributions must include a summary in Spanish and English of 250 to 300 words maximum and must be sufficiently informative to be judged critically. The summary will contain concise paragraphs about: a) The problem being investigated and the objectives of the work; b) the method used to address it; c) the results obtained; d) the discussion of these and their conclusions.

Keywords / Keyword : These are the descriptors of the content of the manuscript and must be ordered alphabetically and separated by commas.
To the extent possible, and when the topic allows, the works should be structured as follows: a) Introduction, b) Materials and Methods, c) Results, d) Discussion, e) Conclusions, f) Acknowledgments, g) Notes, h) Bibliography, i) Annexes. See SUGGESTIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR WRITING AN ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE, details and suggestions are provided to comply with the format of an original research article for a periodical scientific publication.

Figures (maps, photos, graphs, plates, drawings, etc.) and Tables. The size of the Figures (drawings, graphs, maps, photos, etc.) and Tables may be framed within 12 cm wide x 19 cm long. The epigraphs, legends, titles or extensive references will be written in a separate file, numbered consecutively and with Arabic numbers, different for Figures and Tables. Figures and Tables must be inserted into the main Word file but must also be uploaded individually in "complementary files", in individual files. Ex. Figure 1, Figure 2, ..., Table 1, Table 2, etc.
Figures must be sent in 300 dpi in high resolution in TIF, JPG or GIF files and original color versions will be sent. Tables must be sent in Word or Excel format. Its design should be simple, with a limited number of columns to facilitate its design.

Citations in the text will be made by the author. Examples:
A single author: (Gonzales, 1972)
Two authors: (Perez and Romero, 1979)
More than two authors: (Munizaga et al., 1975)

Textual Citations are in quotes . At the end, the author(s) must be stated in the same way as the previous point. If the quote ends with ellipses and is verbatim, these must come before the quotation marks. If the author wants to clarify something within a quote, the clarification should be enclosed in square parentheses. If you want to delete something inside it, you must place ellipses in its place.

Thanks . This section indicates all the institutions and people that financially, intellectually and technically supported the research and preparation of the manuscript.

Notes should be kept to a minimum. Their numbering in Arabic numerals must be consecutive and progressive and will be inserted in the text as superscripts. Notes can be inserted from Word with the clarification that at the time of publication of the article they will be placed after the Discussion, Conclusion or Acknowledgments and before the Bibliography.

Bibliography. It should contain only the citations used in the text, which will be arranged alphabetically for publication. Below is an example of the summons form for each case. (If the journal's regulations do not contemplate a particular case, they should refer to the APA (American Psychological Association) Standards

a) Books
1. Author(s): Last name and Initial(s) of the name(s);
2. Year of publication (in parentheses, without a full stop);
3. Title of the complete book including subtitles (in lower case);
4. Edition and volume (in parentheses separated by a comma);
5. Place of publication;
6. Editorial. If it does not have a publisher it is written [sn] from the Latin “sine nomine”

Examples :
Flores de Fernández, R. (1965) History of nursing in Venezuela: Synthesis of its educational evolution. Caracas, Venezuela [sn]
Hoffman, CP and Lipkin, GB (1981) Simplified nursing. (19th ed.). Philadelphia, JB Lippincott.
Nadeau, BM (1994) Studies in the history of cutlery. (6th ed., Vol 4). San Diego, CA, USA. Academic Press.
Pan American Health Organization (1969) Technical Conference 1968: nutrition activities at the local level of a general health service. Washington, DC, USA

b) Book chapters
1. Author(s): Last name and Initial(s) of the name(s);
2. Year of publication (in parentheses without a full stop);
3. Title of the book chapter (in lower case);
4. In: (followed by the author/editor/compiler of the book - Initial of the First Name and Last Name);
5. Title of the book (in lower case);
6. Edition number and pagination (in parentheses separated by a comma);
7. Place of publication;
8. Editorial.

Example:
O'Neil, JM and Egan, J. (1992) Men's and women's gender role journeys; Metaphor for healing, transition and transformation. In: BR Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (4th ed., pp.107-123). New York, USA Springer.

c) Original Articles
In Scientific Periodical Publications
1. Author(s) of the article: Surname and Initial(s) of the name(s);
2. Year of publication (in parentheses without a full stop);
3. Title of the article (in lower case with a full stop);
4. Title of the magazine (in lower case, followed by a comma);
5. Volume (followed by a comma);
6. Number in parentheses followed by a colon;
7. Pagination (start and end page separated by a hyphen, followed by the end page by a period).

Examples:
Prieto, A. (2001) Instrument for evaluating clinical fields for professional nursing education (ECCE). Nursing Horizon, 12 (1), 11- 21.
Kernis, MH; Cornell, D.P.; Sun, C.R.; Berry, A. and Harlow, T. (1993) There's more to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1190-1204.

In Non-Periodic Publications (Congress Minutes)
1. Author(s) of the article: Last name and Initial(s) of the name(s);
2. Year of publication (in parentheses without a full stop);
3. Title of the article (in lower case with a full stop);
4. Title of the publication or Minutes (in lower case, followed by a comma);
5. Volume (followed by a comma);
6. Number in parentheses followed by a colon;
7. Pagination (start and end page separated by a hyphen, followed by the end page by a period).

d) Thesis
1. Author: Last name and Initial(s) of the name(s);
2. Year (in parentheses) without an end point (If the Thesis was published, the Year of publication will be considered the Year of publication, otherwise the year of approval will be placed, omitting point 6.);
3. Title of the article (in lower case with a full stop);
4. Mention of the thesis (indicate the degree you are opting for in parentheses);
5. Place;
6. Name of the School, Faculty and University;
7. Editorial;
8. Pagination (start and end page separated by a hyphen and the end page followed by a period).

Example:
Holuigue Barros, A. (1979) International capital movements: theoretical analysis and application of the Chilean case in the period 1959 - 1975. Thesis (Master in Economics). Santiago, Chile, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Institute of Economics, pp. 117-118.

e) Non-Scientific Periodical Publications (Newspapers, Magazines, etc.)
1. Author(s): Surname and Initial(s) of the name(s) (In the case of an article that does not have its author identified, in the point No. 1 will be the name of the media responsible for its publication);
2. Year (in parentheses) without a full stop;
3. Title of the article;
4. Name of the journal;
5. Pagination (comma), day and month.

Example:
Schwartz, J. (1993) Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, pp. 1- 4, 09/30.

f) Rules and Laws
1. Number of the law and official name if it has one;
2. Year of publication (in parentheses) without a full stop;
3. Title of the publication in which it officially appears;
4. Place of publication;
5. Date (indicate day and month).

Example:
Law No. 18525 (2003) Official Gazette El Peruano, Lima, Peru, 06/20.

g) Audiovisual Material
1. Author(s); Last name and initial of the first name (Name, in parentheses, of the function of the main people responsible; Director, Writer or Producer);
2. Year of publication (in parentheses);
3. Title of the work;
4. Expression "Movie or whatever" [in square brackets];
5. Place of origin (where it was made and published, followed by a colon);
6. Name of the Film Studio.

Example:
Scorsese, M. (Producer), and Lonergan, K. (Writer/Director) (2000) You can count on me [Movie]. United States: Paramount Pictures.

h) Digitized materials (WEB, CD, ETC)
1. Author(s): Last name and Initial of the name or NAME OF THE INSTITUTION;
2. Year of edition or publication (in parentheses);
3. Title of the original document (WEB or CD, etc.);
4. Expression "Recovered on";
5. Consultation date: day, month and year;
6. Expression "of";
7. Electronic address.

Example:
Cervantes, M. de (2001) The liberal lover. Recovered on September 13, 2002, from https://www.librosalacarta.com/pdf_gratis/El_amante_liberal.pdf

 

SUGGESTIONS FOR WRITING AN ORIGINAL ARTICLE

CONCEPT OF SCIENTIFIC WORK OR ORIGINAL WORK

It is a written and published report that describes original research results and has passed the test of valid publication.
An article will have been validly published if it is accepted and published by a periodical journal with a referee system. Therefore, an original work is written to satisfy the requirements of valid publication and must comply with certain style standards.
These standards define that an original work is composed of prominent and clearly distinct parts or sections. These parts are: Title – Summary – Keywords – Introduction – Objectives – Materials and Methods – Results – Discussion – Conclusions – Bibliography.
These sections are separated by the corresponding heading. According to the nature of the topic, some of these headings may eventually be omitted or replaced by others, but not the information that each one contains. These headings basically describe the articulation between theory and methodology for the construction of new knowledge and at the same time provide the tools that make it accessible to the scientific community.

QUALIFICATION

• It must contain the keywords.

• Use as few words as possible that adequately describe the content of the work.

• It should neither be too short nor too long.

• It must be significant and arouse interest.

• The words and the way of associating them (syntax) must be carefully chosen.

• The title is not a sentence, but rather functions as a label. Therefore it lacks subject, verb and complement and the terms must be limited to key words that underline the significant content of the work.

• Superfluous words should be avoided (e.g. regarding, study of, research on, observations about), abbreviations, general and imprecise terms.

SUMMARY

• It is perhaps the only section of the work that will ultimately be read.

• It is a miniature, concise version of the work that includes a summary of the information presented in each section and in the same order (Introduction and statement of the problem, Objective, Methods and Materials used, Results achieved, Discussion and Conclusions) 

• It is primarily informative, not descriptive.

• Words should be economized and details avoided (a good summary can be expressed in no more than 250 to 300 words).

• It should not contain any information or conclusions that do not appear in the work.

• It should be written using familiar vocabulary, avoiding acronyms and abbreviations.

• Does not include bibliographic citations, figures, tables, etc.

KEYWORDS

• Keywords, also known as “key concepts” or “keywords”, are a word or a combination of words with which search engine algorithms classify a work and place it in a series of categories, within a database.

• Together with the title, they are the only parts of the work used by bibliographic technical services for indexing.

• Whether the work is recovered in a bibliographic search or is found when search engines are used to find information of interest will depend on their specificity and whether they are appropriately selected.

INTRODUCTION

• Define the problem that will be investigated or analyzed, clearly stating its nature and scope.

• It includes a state of the art or current state of the problem based on an exhaustive bibliographic review that goes from the general to the particular, from the international to the local, pointing out the limitations and drawbacks.

• It must reflect exhaustive knowledge of the problem or theoretical framework on the part of the authors, which must be presented in a clear, concise and orderly manner.

• It includes the identification of propositions, categories of analysis and specific concepts, derived from the theoretical framework, linked to the objective of the work.

• All ideas expressed in the introduction must be supported by relevant bibliographical citations.

• The introduction ends with the formulation of the objectives of the work.

GOALS

• They are derived and defined from the topic or problem to be investigated presented in the introduction.

• It is the focus of the investigation.

• They can be stated as general and specific objectives, but the latter are a consequence of the former.

• It raises relevant questions to understand a topic or problem in an area of ​​knowledge and its completion represents a contribution to the knowledge accumulated in that area.

• They must be expressed in terms of results to be achieved and not activities to be carried out or purposes to be achieved.

• They are oriented towards the production of valid knowledge about a specific aspect and not towards “modifying”, “improving” or “changing”.

• The objectives preannounce the results that will be achieved.

• Design them to achieve a single result and not a number of commitments.

• Write them using action terms that suggest concrete results (Ex: achieve, determine, evaluate, etc.)

• Define them as a guide for the action to be carried out at work, that is, what will be done at work.

• To the extent possible they should be quantifiable, qualitatively or quantitatively.

• The number of objectives should be small but significant in terms of results.

• Define them according to the resources and technical capabilities available.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

• The methodological design must be consistent with the theoretical framework stated in the introduction.

• Meticulously detailed and descriptive.

• The materials and methods must be appropriate to the topic or problem to be investigated.

• The material to be used (subjects or things), its origin, technical or other specifications, special characteristics (age, sex, social status, etc.), selection, inclusion or exclusion criteria, etc. must be described.

• The methods to be applied should be described including the definition of terms, variables, categories of analysis, instruments, techniques, sequence of data collection, analyzes to be performed (statistical or otherwise).

RESULTS

• They derive from the objectives

• They must be presented or presented in order, in the same order in which the objectives were formulated.

• They objectively describe the observations, facts or data obtained, they do not interpret them

• They are short and clear

• It is not a collection of observations, facts or data, but a selection of those that are most significant.

• They can be divided into subgroupings if they are complex or extensive.

• If tables and figures are used, redundancy must be avoided, that is, not repeating in words in the text what is evident when examining the figures and tables.

DISCUSSION

• It is the least formal part of an original work where a certain “freedom of the press” is allowed, conditioned by the results achieved and the bibliography or knowledge accumulated on the subject.

• The results achieved are interpreted, not recapitulated.

• The principles, relationships and generalizations that the results indicate are presented.

• Exceptions or lack of correlation with respect to the bibliographic background on the topic are pointed out.

• It shows how the results achieved and their interpretations agree or not with already published works.

• It is speculated and explained based on the results achieved and the bibliographical background on the subject.

• The argument is based on facts and results and not on opinions or evaluative statements that must be replaced by factual statements.

• The inferences must be checked internally by reviewing the meaning and validity of the data and externally by comparing them with the conclusions of other research carried out on the topic.

• The theoretical consequences of the work and its possible practical applications are presented.

CONCLUSIONS

• They derive from the Discussion and are connected to the objectives since they confirm or not their fulfillment.

• They constitute an appropriate and very brief culmination of the Discussion.

• They clearly, concisely and categorically indicate what was demonstrated in the work without repeating the arguments of the Discussion.

• They mean the results achieved, their projection and significance.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• All bibliographic citations must appear in the text and vice versa.

• The quote is an invocation of hierarchical scientific and academic authority.

• It is cited for scientific honesty and to avoid plagiarism.

• Demonstrates the need and opportunity for research.

 

WRITING AN ORIGINAL ARTICLE: SUGGESTIONS

• Plan before you start writing

1. Make a prior plan about what you want to write and how to do it

2. Select the bibliographic references that were used in the research

3. Gather data and arrange it according to a logical structure

4. Specify ideas, order them and group them

5. Judge ideas as they are written and modify or eliminate them if they do not fit the plan.

• Develop a single issue and maintain unity

1. Present a central idea

2. Do not insert accessory ideas that distract the reader's attention.

3. Finish one idea before starting another

4. Avoid contradictions between sentences, paragraphs and ideas

5. Maintain coherence between sentences and paragraphs, avoiding abrupt transitions

6. Avoid long explanatory sentences that lose the central idea

7. Maintain the overall vision by avoiding unnecessary details

• Use simple and correct words

1. Appreciate the meaning of each word

2. Consult the dictionary

3. Avoid imprecise words (Ex: could be, almost, without a doubt, most, quite a bit, etc.)

4. Avoid jargon (e.g. they are both similar because they are similar, following the current of thought headed by Smith for according to Smith, alluding to for mentioning; the vast majority of the time for almost always, a description is presented for being described, it would seem be that apparently, etc.).

• Make good corrections to the text

1. A work will be considered completed when, after reading and correcting it many times, it is impossible to convey the ideas with greater precision and clarity.

2. The clarity, precision, fluency, accuracy, objectivity, brevity, unity and coherence of the text are achieved with successive corrections

• Build short, simple sentences and paragraphs

1. That facilitate the interpretation

2. Eliminating the superfluous

3. Avoiding relative pronouns that lengthen the sentence (which, which, who, whose)

4. Not abusing expressions such as: since, therefore, now, therefore, therefore, rather, etc.

• Observe grammar and spelling rules

1. Take into account the rules of punctuation and agreement (gender and number)

2. Preferably use the impersonal form (it was obtained, it was found) since the facts are more important than the author

3. Do not abuse the gerund

4. It is advisable to use the active voice (AV) because the passive voice (VP) gives rise to the construction of weak and indirect sentences. Ex: The economy destroyed the social class (VA)/ The social class was destroyed by the economy (VP)

5. Pay attention to verb tenses. It is advisable to write in the past tense.