Tropical Spastic Paraparesis in Jujuy Province
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Abstract
Tropical spastic paraparesis is a homogeneous clinical entity with a wide distribution, with the main descriptions coming from Japan, the Antilles, Senegal, and South America, where the infection is endemic.
The cardinal neurological manifestations of infection by HTLV-1, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, are progressive spastic paraparesis with genitourinary and sphincter disorders, known as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis.
This study sought to characterize TSP/HAM in our area and to determine its distribution among patients treated in Jujuy. Diagnosis was based on clinical findings, detection of HTLV-1 antibodies, and imaging studies in a non-probabilistic accidental sample.
This is a frequent pathology in the area, with a clear predominance among women, especially native women and family groups. Frequency is high between 30 and 60 years of age. The most frequent reasons for consultation in the evaluated population were gait difficulties and sphincter disorders. A significant percentage of patients had a history of transfusion.
Places of origin varied: the highest frequency was found in the north of the province, with 8 cases, followed by the capital, with 6 cases, the Ramal region, with 4 cases, and other provinces, with 3 cases. Evolution was variable; after ten years, one third of the patients required support for walking.
We conclude that, in our region, the presence of TSP/HAM should be considered in women between 30 and 60 years of age who present with spastic paraparesis, given the epidemiological characteristics of the area.
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The author/s grant exclusive license without temporary limit for the manuscript to be published in Cuadernos-FHyCS edited by Humanides the Faculty of Social Science, National University of Jujuy.
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